Background: The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is a complex network responsible for maintaining homeostasis. Yoga, as a traditional mind-body intervention, is known to modulate autonomic function in both healthy and clinical populations. However, the differential effects of forward versus backward-bending yoga asanas on autonomic parameters remain unexplored.
Objectives: This study aims to investigate and compare the effects of spinal flexion (forward bending) and extension (backward bending) yoga postures on autonomic variables in experienced yogic practitioners.
Methods: This single-group, randomized crossover trial will recruit 40 healthy volunteers aged 20–25 years with at least two years of yoga experience. Participants will be randomly assigned to practice either forward-bending or backward-bending postures on Day 1, followed by crossover to the alternate intervention on Day 2. Each session will include a 30-minute break between postures. Outcome measures, including electrocardiogram (ECG), surface electromyography (sEMG), electrogastrogram (EGG), and galvanic skin resistance (GSR), will be recorded at baseline, during, and after the intervention to assess autonomic, muscular, and gastrointestinal responses. Data will be subjected to appropriate statistical analyses based on distribution and type, using parametric or non-parametric tests as applicable.
Discussion: This protocol outlines a rigorous approach to evaluating posture-specific autonomic responses in yoga practitioners. The findings are expected to inform the design of tailored yoga interventions for autonomic modulation.
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